Skiving machine



July 16, 1929. A. R. RIDDERSTROM i 1,721,053

' SKIVING MACHINE Filed Dec. 9. 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet l s FINI Gl` En BQ Inventor' HndnewRRlddersmm Httofney July 16, 1929.

A. R. R'IDDERSTRQM SKIVING MACHINE Filed neo. 9. 1921 e sheets-sheet 2 In ven lof' H n dr'ewRRm'def-.stmm

July 16, 1929.

A. R. RIDDERSTROM SKIVING MACHINE Filed Deo. 9, 1921- 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 July 16, 1929. A. R. RIDDERSTROM f 1,721,053A

SKIYING MACHINE Filed Deo. 9. 1921 6 Sliema-Shree?l 4 Z Hy. .5'

' 40 /az 5f' 9 Inventor' y ndewRRldderstrom Patented July 16, i929.

UNITED STATESPAT'ENT OFFICE` ANDREW R. RIDDERSTROM, OF NAHANT, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIG-NOR, BY MESNE AS- SIGNMENTS, T0 UNITED SHOE MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF PATERSON. NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEVI JERSEY.

SKIVING MACHINE.

Application filed December 9, 1921.

vThe present invention i'elates more particularly to machines for skiving the 'margins of sheet material, like leather. or other stock adapted for use in the manufacture of boots and shoes, but embodies featui'es of more general application the nature of which will appear in the course of the following description and will be particularly pointed out in the claims.

In skiving machines of `the above-described character, the shoe upper is usually advanced by a feed roll and a feed disk to a rotating skiving knife which cuts a scarf in the margin of the material. In some types of skiving machines of this character,

such as in the machine constituting the subject mattei' of a copending application, Se`

rial No. 319,565, filed August S25, 1919, the knife shaft and the feed-element shafts are geared to, and are driven from, a common driving shaft. Machines of this type are satisfactory in operation, but can not be di'iven at too high a speed. This is principally because the comparatively low-speed gear upon the driving shaft isy relied upon to drive the gear upon the knife-shaft at very much higher speed; and the character of the consequent sti'ain imposed upon the gearing is made evident by the racket and the. grinding noise thereby produced. At

ve-ryrhigh knife speeds, therefoi'e, 'the gear ingconnections between the knife shaft and the driving shaft become overheated, and if such prohibitive speeds be persisted in,`

tion that is herein illustrated and described,

these gears will burn out'alt0gether.

It is accordingly an object of the present invention to improve upon machines of the above-described character, to the end that their speed of operation may be materially increased. Y

TWith this end in view, a feature of the in* vention resides in `driving the knife shaft by a belt direct from a source of driving power, and driving the feed elements from the knife shaft. Instead of driving the knife shaft at comparativelyk high speed, through gearing, from the 'driving' shaft, therefore, as in the machine ofthe abovedescribed application, the latter shaft is driven at comparatively llow speed, through gearing', from the independently driven, i M fr a Y ..hign-speed, knife shai t. rlhere is obviously .less strain involved when driving a low- .epeed gear :trol-ii. a high-speed gear than Serial No. 521,239.

when it is attempted to drive a gear at high speed from a gear that is operating at low speed. Overheating and consequent destruction of the gearsV is thereby prevented, and it becomes possible to operate the mii-- chine at as high a speed as the strength of the materials will permit without-rupture caused by centrifugal force.

To overcome the above-described difficulty, the knife has heretofore been indeypendently driven, in some types 0f machines, by a belt from a pulley secured to the main driving shaft, the latter, of course, beingr belt-driven from some source of power to drive the feed elements independently of the knife. According to the present invention, the gear connection between the knife shaft and the driving shaft is retained, and the main driving belt is directly connected to the knife shaft.

The shafts of belt-driven knives have a tendency to wear semi-oval-shaped recesses in their bearings, resulting in looseness and vibration; and this, in turn, causes uneven skiving. Tominimize the effect, flat seamless, expensive driving belts are provided, as seams and attendant kbelt hooks would cause jarring` of the knife shaft every time that they went laround the shaft.

It is therefore a further object of the invention to provide an improved mounting for the knife shaft that shall avoid these difficulties.

In the specific embodiment of the inventhis result is attained by mounting the knife shaftin a stationary bearing that is, in

turn, mounted in a rotatable bearing that is provided with the driving pulley. The lastnamed bearing is locked to the knife so as to drive the latter', the knife shaft being tween thel knife-driving pulley i and the shaft 'upon uihichnitiis mounted and` that drives the feed elements. The feed means are thus driven yieldinglyl from the knife. According as the friction elements of the clutch are prcssedtogethcr more or less firmly, the shaft will be driven at higher or lower speed with consequent more or less rapid operation of the feed elements. The clutch is supposed to slip automatically whenab'- normal loads are imposed upon the feed means. In: the heretofore suggested embodiments of this proposal, the knife-driving` pulley waspushed back and forth along the shaft .into vfirmer and less firm clutching; engagement with the shaft, as was desired@ .-rserious objection to this methodof `:feed control' that itis not sensitive. Asthe knife-driving pulley, together with the belt that drivcs'it and the knife-drivingbelt that itdirives, are moving at high speed, and have a consequent-high inertia, it is somewhat dificult-to movev the pulley backward and forward along the shaft, and almost impossible tomake it respond quickly. At'least oneof the belts, furthermore, has a tendency to` wobble somewhatover the face of the pulley, thereby auton'iatically Causing the friction elements of the clutch to press together now a littleless heavilythan Vis required, and then a little too heavily. This, of course, has a ten deney to produce a somewhat jerky feed movement thatiit is difficult to control'.

i it isanother object ofthe present invention, therefore, to provideair improved :Variable feed for skiving. machines of this character.

To this end.,afeature of the invention resides in clutching' the knife and'ithe feedv shaft together through comparatively lowspeed mechanism havin-ggf comparatively little inertia. I

As the leatherior other stock that is used for slice uppers usually of varying thickness. 'the .feed disk ofa commercial skiviiiog machine is permitted to `yield in a direction alone' its axis of rotation, so as to cut a scarf of` uniform widt-huin the `edge of the stock.. Alone'V with the diskmoves the spind le upon whichvv it is mounted and, sometiines. other mechanism as well. The added weight decreases the sensitiveness ofthe device.

.-inother object of the present invention.

therefore. is to impro-ve the sensitiveness 'of the feed disk.

lith this end i11fvie\v, the feed disksis permitted to tiltat anangijle toits axis ofV rotation. then parts of the st-ock of greater than unifornv thickness are encountered, therefore, the feed disk alone: yields. The feed disk is at other times resiliently maintained in its normal position.

lilith4 the above and other objects in view7 the invention consists of the improved ina- L72Lo53 chine hereinafter described, ilfh-'lstrated iii the accoinpanying drawings, .and detinedfin the appended claims.

in the drawingsFig. 1` is arear elevation of'a. `machine constructed according to a preferredembodiment of the. present invention; Fig. 2 a plan of the same, 3- a longitudinal, central, vertical section, taken upon the line of Fig. 2, looking inf-the direction of the arrows, with parts in elevation and other parts omitted for clearness; Fig. dis a side ele nitionnshowiiig apii'eiierred gauge and guide; Fig.. 5 is a central, vertical section of the forward part-fof the machine, taken. upon the line 5' 5 Iofi lil'iegi.J i2, looking in the direction of lips. ttand'T-are sections takt-n upon the line (Ss-( and T-, resik'iectiveiy, ofzliig. 5. looking' in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 8 is a detail elevation, partly inwsection; liligr. 9 is a section takenA upon the line 9 9 ofFigyS, looking` in the direction o-fitlic arrows; Figs. 10, lland 12 are views taken along the lines itl- 10, 1.1-1.1 and 1 12,--12 respectively, of Fig. i, looking inthe directiiiirof they arrows; Fig. 13 is an elevation of a preferred power transiiritter; Fig; M is a` section taken'lupon the line M--Mof Fig. 13, looking in thedirection of the arrows; Fig. l'is-a section taken upon `the line 15-15 'ofFip". lt, lookingin the. direction of the arrows; and Fig. 16 is a-section taken upon the line 16-16 of 5,.looking inthe direction of the arrows.V

The invention is for illustrative purposes shown in the accompanying` drawings as embodied in? al machinev havingrmany fe-L tures-in cominon'with the macl'iine of the above-identified application, and that do not, inV themselves,` constitute any part ofthe present inventimi.` It will conduce to clearness` to describe some of these common f eatures-in advance of, andas a sett-irri;- for, the explanation of the featuresothat more particularly relate to the` present` improvement.v i

Themainframe. represented bythe numeral '20, is provided with abat-:e portion 21 which` may be boltedto a bench or the like and which is aviso provided with an overliangine` arm or head Q2 projectinfg,` over the base, .as will be understood from an inspection. .of Fia'. `The overhanging arm 22 carries a sidi/ing),` knife 185 and a feed disk 1-1-3, and houses driving' ii'ieaus therefor. The base portion houses the feed-roll mechanism and the drive elements therefor, the feed roll itself projectini,` forwardly beyond the base portion.

At'the top, and to the rear. of the main frame 9.0 'is a main bea-ring 25, Fig. 3, extending longitudinallyv of the head At the front end of the said head is a projection oriug 26' provided. with another n iin,-

CIL

Cil

bea-ring` 27 fastened thereto hy the screws 2S. The first-named bearing 25 is pi'ovided with a` bearing' sleeve 30 of a length greater than the bearing` and the projecting end of the said sleeve serves the function of supporting' a bracket 68. A shaft 32 is journalcd in the. sleeve 30 and the bearingl 27. This shaft corresponds to' the main driving shaft of the above-mentioned application, but will herein be referred to as the feed shaft, as the feed roll and the feed disk are driven therefrom. The feed shaft 32 is adapted to be driven from the knife shaft, as will be explained hereinafter, through a clutch 441:, L15 between the feed elements and the knife.

A worm (32 is secured to the feed shaft 32, at the said projecting end of the sleeve 30. The bracket 68 is provided with bearings 72 and 7 3 vwithin which is journaled a shaft 7S that is transversely disposed to the feed shaft 32. Secured to the upper end of the shaft 78 a worm gear (not shown) that meshes with the worm 62 and is rotated thereby. lSecured to the lower end of the said shaft '78, beneath the bearing' 73, is a spiral gear (not shown) that meshes with a transversely disposed spiral gear 81. The gear S1 is secured to a feed-roll shaft 83 that is journaled in an oscillative bearingl 84.- and in bearings and S'a through a subframe 86. The bea-ring 84 may be slightly rounded or sliO'litly tapering from the middle 87 thereof towards each end', or in an axial direction, so that the same can be rocked within the bore 88 through the hub S9 that projects inwardly of the frame 20. Axial and 'rotatable movements of the bearinn' arc prevented by means shown with more particularity in the above-identified application, but an up `.fard and downward or a rocking movement ai'e permitted. The shaft 83 may therefore be rocked upward or down y'ard for adjustment or other purposes, by an adj Listing screw 10.1, a springltl'i' maintaining the feed roll comparatively fixed under ordina-ry working conditions, so as to preserve the width of the scarf uniform. The feed roll will, of course, yield also under exceptional circumstances, asv

when the leather becomes hunched during its passa through the machine.

The shaft S3 may also be moved axially7 to adjust the position of the feed roll 95, whereby the length of the scarf may be varied, by a threaded shaft 113 provided with a knul-led head 115, acting' in opposition to a spring 116. During.,r this axial adjustment, the spiral `gear S1 will move downward slightly with respect to the gear (not shown) with which it meshes that is provided on the lower end of the shaft 78, andy the teeth of the gearsfwill slip slightly with respect to eachother without unineshinir. The driving and. the driven mechanisms of the feed roll are thus constructed to vcovoperate in all positions ofadjustment, and

the speed and the powerof the drive will remain unaffected. rllhe associated and cooperating parts pei'init of the above-described yielding' and universal adjustments both downward and axially, the screw 101 providingV for vertical adjustmentsl of 'the feed i'oll, and the threaded shaft 113 for the axial adjustments.

The preferred guide and gage 131 for cooperating with the feed roll and the knife to guide the workis shown in Fig. 1, butfis not described herein because it forms no essential part of this invention. The gage limits the extent of the scarf, so that each separate piece of work shall be skived uniformly and to the same extent as all other work of the saine class. and `guide shown may be adjusted close to the skiving knife 185 and, being' yielding' both vertically and in either direction about an intermediately disposed pivot 129, varia tions of 'thickness of leather presented between thesame and the feed roll 95 will he automatically taken care Vof and the scarf will start close to the guiding clamp' and will also terminate close thereto. It is adapted to press the leather or other stock yieldingly against the feed roll.

To the extreme left-hand end of the feed shaft 32, see Figs. 3 and 5, and suitably se cured thereto, is a worm 135. This worin meshes with a worm gear 136 that is keyed er bolted to the upper end of the feed-disk shaft 137. rlhe shaft 13.7 is journaled at 13S and 139 in an adjustable bearingl 140. The feed disk 143 normally presents an an gular working relation with respect to the feed roll 95, and the driving; gearing such that both axial and transverse movement may be had between the gears without disengagement thci'eof either for adjustments or when jiierformingi' work, the teeth of the. gear 136 merely slipping' througg'h the' teeth of the worin 135. f'

The feed roll 95, the driving connections between the feed shaft 32 andthe feed roll and the feed disk 1413, and the nani-fe and guide 131, are the same. as shown in the ebow-de`4 scribed application, and do not, in themselves, constitute any part of the present invention. They are suown in the accoinpanying' drawings because they form part of the illi'lstrativo machine, and they are briefly described The gauge los above simply asa preliminary to an understanding' of the description that is to follow. Machines embodying other feed rolls and feed disks and driving' connections, and other types of Aranges and `:guides and the like. may equally well embody the improvements constituting the present invention.

In the. above-mentioned application, the knife 135. well as the feed roll and the. feed disk i413, is sliownas geared to, and

driveir from. the shaft 82, which is thus the According to the pres` main driving shaft. ent invention, however', the knife is directly driven by a. belt 1, and the shaft 32, that drives the feed roll and the feed shaft, is driven from the knife.

A flanged collar 183 is fastened in any well known manner to the lower end of the knife shaft 181. The knife 185, shown circular or of disk shape, is Securedto-the flange ofthev collar by 'means of a clamp or the like 186, and relative. rotative movement of the knife and the collar is prevented by a dowel pin 1115. rl'he upper end of the knife shaft is provided-with a worm This worm meshes with the` worm-gear portion` of an. elongated 'gear member 162-3 that is freely rotatable upon a stationary rod 16-1. rihe worm-gear portion `ofthe gear member 163, with which the worml 182 meshes, is at the rear of this gear member 168, as will be understood from an inspection of Fig'. 16. The front portion of .the gear member 168 constitutes a spiral gear that meshes with a spiral gear 162, shown to the rightof the bearing' 27, Figs. and 5. The geari162 is` mounted upon a hollow shaft 2 through which the feed shaft 32 extends. lThe hollowshaft is freely rotatable with respect to the feed shaft 32, but the two shafts are adapted to he clutched together to rotate as a unit. The knife shaft 181 is thus adapted to drive the feed ciernents and 143 through the Lgears 182, 163 and 162.

The dimensions of the gears 182,163 and 162, as will be clear from the drawings, are such that the gear 182 may operate atcomparatively higjlrspeed while the geary 162 is operating' at comparatively lowspeed. In the machine of the above-described applica-tion, the, gear 162, driven at low speed by the shaft 32, effects the operation at highspccd of the knife shaft 181 and the gear.

182 carried thereby. This speed transmis'- sion from the gear 162 to the gea-r 182 Vis attended by considerable grinding' noise; and if lthe machine is driven at toohigh a speed,

the gearing may actually catch lire. By

runningthe knife shaft '181 originally `at high speed tlirough the` `belt 1, however', the

worm 182 is directly driven at high speed,

and stepping' down from this highspeed tto the low speed of the `rear 162 is attended with a minimum of noise and without over-k This result is `greatly heat-ineY thel parts. aided by making the pinion 182 and the in fterineshingr portion of the pinion 163 as avorm ,fre-arsinstead of, spirals, as in the aboveddentified application. Spirals, inthe particular location indicated, conld'not be driven at so high a. speed. 1t is thus possible to run the machine at as higha speed as is consistent with the strength of the Ainailzerials enipioyed in building the raachine. Thel speed of the knife may thus be increased to :10,000 revolutions per minute, keeping 'the rate of feed the same as in the above-mentioned application. i One ofthe difficulties experienced with belt-driven knife shafts of commercial skiving` machines has been `the tendency of the shaft to veer toomuch to one side, wearingthef shaft bearing, uneven'ly, or semi-oval inl shape, and resulting in looseness and consequentrattling. and vibration: of the shaft in its bearing. According to `the present invent-ion, this difficulty` is eliminated by protecting the' knife shaft` against direct thrust from the beltz. The knife shaft 181 is mounted in a bearing 180 that is keyed or otherwise `firmly.mounted in a4 knife bracket at 3. The pulley i that is driven bythe belt f1 f is loosely mounted 4about the bearing ;l The pulley 4L is-therefore not directly connected to the knife shaft as is customary in skiving machines embodying beltdrivenknives. The pulley is connected or locked directly to the knife 185 instead, so fthat the knifeshaft is `driven by the knife instead of, as is-usuahithe knife by the knife shaft. To this end, .the sleeve 5 that is integral with lthe pulley is, in the illustrative machine, shown. as oppositelyrecessed at 6 'to receive oppostely disposed, upstanding lugs 7 that are provide-diupon the iianged knife collar 183. Rotative movement of the pulley is thus-necessarily `communicated to the knife; and from `the'knife, thus indirectly, tothe knife shaft 181. The knife .shaft is thusenabled to rotate freely and smoothly `inits bearing 180 without rattling` or-vibration, and withoutwearing any part of the bearingA unevenly. The recesses 6 are for' convenience, in practice, made a little wider than the lugs 7, this introducing no undesirable effects froinbagk lash beg-aus@ the knife is always rotatedin: the saine direction, astindicated by the arrow in Fig. 2.

The knife is furtherprevented from rattlingvor vibrating` duringgi its rotation by the factthat'the knifeY shaft1181 isr maintained snugly fittedlin its bearing 180 during the rotationv of the shaft. As thev gear 182 drives the gear 163, it isobvious, from the angle of the worm threads shown in Fig'. 5, that the shaft 181 will be maintained in raised position during;` the rotation of the shaft. A conical projection 8 of the shaft will thus be maintainedwin snug engagement with a conically enlarged recess 9 of the bearing.

The fiat, seamless-belts of presentday y'belt-driven knives are expensive, and they are mounted over Vcorresponding` fiat-faced pulleys, toelinrinate as much as possible the jar'and vibration effects. The construction of the present-,invention permits using` the ordinary, round, seam belt, the ends of which are `sonris-eted .i 1 hook or hooks, .l the llO , substantial extent sutlicient to meet commer- Vand a wall 11 of the bracket 170.

ordinary pulley shown in Fig. 5, without f any jarringl or vibration.

For purposes of ready assembly, the bearing 180 is provided Awith an annular shoulder 1t) upon which rests the pulley 4, the pulley being confined between the shoulder A tube 12 serves to conceal the sleeve portion 13 of the pulley 4 that overhangs the lower portion of thev bearing 18() and the upper portion of the flange 188.

As in the n'iachine ofthe above-referred to application, provision is made forrelatively zuljusting, at will, the angular positions of the skiving knife and the feed roll, during the operation of the machine, to a cial needs, so that the operator, after skiving a scarf of one angle in a portion of the margin of the leather, is enabled quickly to change the angular relation of the knife and the feed roll. Scarfs of different angle may thus be quickly produced in different portions of the margin of the same upper by using the same machine and before the article has left the operato1"shands. To this end, the knife bracket 170 is angularly adjustable about the rod 164, being provided with oppositely disposed `bearings, one of which is shown at 171, within which the rod 164 is journaled. The knife bracket is also adjustable transversely of the feed roll 95 by means including a plunger 176, but. this is not further described herein because it does not form any essential part ofthe present invention. A finger or lug` 188 that projects from the knife bracket is i,iieli'lingly engaged by a dog 17 through the action of a spring 189. The spring thus tends to maintain the lug 188 in engagement with a limiting stop 190. yThe position of the stop 190 may be adjusted by an adjusting screw 191 that is tapped in the head 22 of the machine and that engages a shoulder 192 of the stop 190. Adjustment of the screw 191 will therefore result in rotatably adjusting, about the rod 164, the

angular position of the knife bracket 170 and the knife 185 that is mounted thereon, the spring 189 acting always to maintain the lug 188 in engagement with the adjusts able stop 190. The pinions 163 and 182 are maintained in meshing engagement irrespective of the angularly adjusted position ot the bracket 170 and the skiving knife 185. The knife may therefore be adjusted to any angular position relatively to the work face 127 of thefeed roll 95 `during the operation of the machine without disturbing the meshing of the pinions 163 and 182. liv means of the above-described construction, the spring 189 exerts a force upon the knife shaft in the same angular direction as the belt 1, each acting to maintain the lug 188 in engagement with the ystop 190.

The mechanismy for clutching the feed shaft 32 tothe hollow shaft 2 will now be explained. An end of the hollow shaft 2 is provided with a clutch element 44, shown as a friction disk, thatis adapted to coop crate with another friction clutch element that is non-rotatably mounted upon the shaft 32. vSliding movement of the clutch element 4-5 towards and away from the clutch element 44 is permit-ted by an elongated opening 15, Fig. 9, that is longitudinally provided in the shaft 32, and through which extends a bolt kor pin 16 that is rigidly secured to the clutch element 45. The clutch elements 44 and 45 are normally mainn tained separated by a spring 40. The clutch element 45'may be forced into frictional clutching engagement with the clutch element 44, in opposition to the action of the spring 40, by a friction-plug rod 46 that is slidably mounted within a hollow end portion 38 of the shaft 32. To this end, the rod 46 is adapted to be engaged by a friction plug 47 at the end of an arm 48 of a bell-crank lever 49. The lever 49 is intermediately pivoted at 50 between ears 51 of the frame 20. Pivotal movement of the lever 49 will thus result in the rod 46 being moved inward, in opposition to the force of the spring 40, causing the clutch elements to engage frictionally,as above described. The feed shaft 32may thus be driven from the knife shaft 181. To effect the actuation of the bell-crank lever 49, its end 52 is pivotally connected at 53 to an actuating rod 54 that extends downward through the frame 20 vto a foot-operated treadle (not shown).

Upon the release of the treadle (not shown), the bell-crank lever 49 is returned to its normal position by a spring 14, as will be understood from Fig. 8. The spring 40 will thereupon separate the clutch elements 44 and 45. Aty the same time, the friction face 56 of a brake member 55 will engage a hand wheel 34 that is secured tothe hollow portion 88 of the feed shaft 32 to stop the further rotation of the feed shaft. The brake is pivotally niou'nted at 50, and its braking action may be adjusted by a screw 59 thatis threadedly mounted upon the bellcrank lever 49.

As the clutch elements 44 and 45 are pressed together more or less firmly, the feed elements may be driven athigher or lower speed, at the will of the operator. The rate of feedis also controlled automatically bythe character of the work operated upon. lVork of normal characteristics is fed through the machine at a speed predetermined by the operator, the clutch elements 44 and 45 being under the control of his foot. Then abnormally thick stock is encountered. however, the clutch elements 44 and 45 of the yielding clutch'may slip automatically to -lOO llO

:abnormal conditions. '13T is-rigidly clamped against longitudinal 'movement` by nuts shown at the top ofthe i spense of the low-inertia movable Clutch element 45 to movements of the operator-s footis iirmied-iate, and very; light pressure of the foot'efl'ects this response'iand maintains the clutch elements lland 111' activelyengaged.

The present invention embodies ialso a novelfeed disk. Feed disks have heretofore Ebeen constructed to yield axially, disk, shaft or spindle, and all. rvthis isirnot a sensitive construction. lAccording to the presentinvention, the disk is caused' to tilt yieldingly about an axis-transverse to the feed-liti shaft, resulting 1in very sensitiveresponse to 'The feed-disk shaft shaft, the customary axial-yield'ing-pernritting si'iringlbeing oiirittod. The nuts permit adjusting the feed-disk shaft longitudinally -to adjust the position off the feed disk.

rlhe feed "disk 14:3 is mounted at they lower end of the feeddisk shaft 1374r through the medium of a i threaded screw lll-liv that is tlneaded into a correspondingly threaded boreliinovided in thelower end ofthe shaft 137. The feed disk is adapted to tilt Aor pivotl about the-headt18 ofthe screw 1411, in the direction of the. arrow, Fig. 5, towards "thel knife'185 and away from the feed roll 95. "ln orderthat this tilting or pivotal movement may be as frictionless as* possible, the head 18 ofthe screw 14-1 i s ball-shaped, andthe walls of the chamber 19 within which it is confined are shaped to correspond. For convenience of assembly, these walls are formed at. 28 on the feed disk and on separable plates '2l that are secured to the feed disk, withthe ball head 18 between them,

by screws 29. 'Lugs'-ll projecting from the ball head 18 engage the walls of suitable re-` cesses in the plates 2l to cause the .feed disk to rotate with thel'shaft 18T `upon which it is mounted.

A plunger 33 is' forced by a spring 37 into engagement with the feed disk to oppose yieldingly the tilting movement of thefeed dis; and to maintain the feed disk at right angles to its shaft. .The force of the spring `37 may be adjusted by a collar Ll1 that is threadedly adjustable upon threads 57 that are integrally provided upon the bearing 140. The plunger 33 is mounted in a split collar 142 that is clamped to the lower porn tion of the bearing 140, below the threads 57, by a clamping screw 141. A key 2l5 provided upon the said loweif portion of the bearing 140 is seated ina corresponding groove of the clamp 142 to prevent accidental rotationnofitheclamp 142, thusk determining the point` on the feedrroll at which i the feed disk 1/13 shall tilt. The `olaiupi1d2 is slantingly cutaway, as shown ninFigjB, to permit the feedidiskitotilt. .The present invention, then, comprises an `independently :driven knifeithrough which the feed elements may be driven. The kanfeunay be continuously rotating or it maybe at rest, at the will of Ithe operator; and during the rotation ofthe knife, the feed elements may be set into operation, or ibrought to rest, at the willof the operator. `The invention: comprises also `a novel t ans :matter for controlling the rotation of the knife, whereby it may be connected to, and disconnected from, a source of power. rl'ihis will now be:` described.

Thewbelt 1 that drives the knife pulley llpasses over idler pulleys 260 and 262, in the direction of the arrows, and overwa cone pulley-;26l that may be driven from iany suitable source of power by a belt 266. yThe belt 266 shown in F ig. 14 mounted over =a fast pulley '268. The cone pulley 264, the lfasti pulley 268 and a loose pulley 27() are .mounted upon `a common shaft 272. The belt 266 may be shifted from theffast to the loose pulley, or from the` loose to thefast, by` a belt shifter A2714i. To shift the belt 266 from the fast pulley to the loose pulley; the operator presses down upon the belt shifter 274y in the direction of the arrows, Figs, 13 and 15,r and moves the lever over `from the full-line position to the dotted-line position of Figxl. @perators sometimes 4@are .':sly neglect tovmove a belt shifter lall the way oveiywith theresult, in the present instance, that' the* knife may continue to operate at a time -when it should beI at1rest,whieh might result inaccident, besides loss of power. A spring 276 is therefore provided to posii tively insure that the belt shifter shall shift =the `belt the whole required distance. ln fact, all the operator need do is to press, down upon the belt shifter, `in the direeeion ofthe arrows, Figs. 1.3 and 15, and the spring 2756 will do the rest The spring 276maintains the `belt shifter 27lftightly against la lug 278 or ai lug 280, maintaining Iit against accidental displacement from the position in which the belt 266is overthe fast pulley 268,01' the position in which the belt 266is over the loose pulley 2?'0, as the case may be. 'This last-described action of the springv276 is aided by a. spring that tends to maii'itain the belt shifter vtigl'it-ly yagainst the `un der face of a lever in the form of a board28il, to which it is intermediately pivoted at 286, The board`28f-l is pivotally ladjustable about a'point 288, and it may be clamped in adjusted position by a screw 290`and'a nut 292. 'A bracket 2941 that carries the shaft 272 is integral with the board 28l,the bracketand tlieboard, in effect,

constituting' a bent lever that is intermediately pivoted at 288. The above-described pivotal adjustment of the board 284 therefore efl'ects a transverse adjustment of the shaft 272 and the cone pulley and the fast and the loose pulleys that are mounted thereon, providing for tensioning the belt 266.

The pulley 262 is carried upon a bracket 263, Fig. 10, that may be adjustably clamped to the base portion 21 of the framer of the` machine by a bolt or screw 265 that is adapted to enter any one of three openings 269, 271 and 273. The pulley 262 may thus be adjustably positioned over the small, the medium-sized and the large portion, respectively, of the cone pulley 264. The pulley 262 may thus be driven from the cone pulley 264 at any of three speeds.

Provision is made for adjusting the tension of the belt 1 by adjusting the position of the idler pulley 260. The idler pulley 260 is therefore journaled upon the free end of an arm 296 the other end of which is pivoted at 298 to a bracket 300. The bracket 300 may be secured to the frame of the machine in any desired manner, as by means of screws 302. A spring 304, Fig. 1, coiled about a threaded rod 306 forces the arm 296 outwardly, causing the pulley 260 to act as a belt tightener. The force of the spring 304 may be adjusted by threadedly adjusting the rod 306, a check nut 308 serving to lock the rod 306 in adjustedposition. To provide for free action of the spring against the arm 296, the arm is intermediately curved at 310, and the curved portion is engaged by a curved washer that is yieldingly forced into such engagement by the spring 304.

A pulley 251, Figs. 1 and 10, that is fast to the pulley 262, serves as a source of driving power for a grinder disk 194. The grinder disk is fixed to a flangedk collar 195 of a grinder shaft 196 by a set screw or the like 197. The flanged collar 195 is fixed to the shaft 196 by a pin or the like 198. Adjacent to the collar, the shaft is provided with a frusto-conical bearing portion (not shown) adapted to seat in a similarly shaped bearing 199. The bearing 199 is adjustab-ly clamped in a split socket 203 by the bolts 204 passing through one lug 205 and tapped into the lug 206 on opposite sides of the split 207, Figs. 1 and 2. The socket 203 is mounted upon a divided rocker arm 218 that is pivoted about a bearing rod 222. The grinder 194 is adjustable vertically, laterally and transversely in a manner described in the above-named application, and it vmay be moved into and out of grinding relation to the skiving knife 185` about the bearing rod 222 by manipulating a handle 242, Fig. 2, that is secured to the rocker arm 218.

A pulley 200 that is secured to the shaft y196, above thebearing 199, is driven by a belt 245 that passes from the pulley 251, over idler pulleys 246. In order that the belt 245 may be tightened or loosened, as desired, the idler pulleys 246 are made adjustable. To this end, they are rotatably mounted upon a bracket 247 that is pivoted to the frame of the machine at 248, Figs. 1 and 12. In order that the bracket 247 may be held in pivotally adjusted position, it is provided with a toothed catch 250 the teeth of which are adapted to engage a lug 314. The bracket 247 is provided with a handle, whereby it may be manually pivoted about the pivotal point 248, the catch 250 falling by gravityiabout a pivotal point 316 of the bracket into adjustable engagement with the lug 314.

A very much simpler belt-tightener for the belt 245 is thus provided than in theaboveidentified application. Ordinarily, however,

the belt-tightener will seldom be called into play, the belt automatically tightening and becoming slack in accordance with the position that the grinder 194 happens to occupy. When the grinder is moved away fronrthe knife, about the rod 222, the belt will naturally slacken because the pulley 200 will then be nearer to the idler pulleys 246 than in the position illustrated by Figs. 1 and 2.

The grinder may thus be started rotating and'swung into position against the knife by a single operation, and a single operation similarly stops the grinder rotating and swings it out of. operative position.

The description of many portions of the machine an understanding of which is not essential to an understanding of the present invention has' purposely been .made very brief in order not to distract the attention from the features of essential novelty.

Fuller explanation of such portions of the machine will be found in the copending application referred to above. It will be clear that the features of novelty may be embodied in other machines, and in machines of other types, and that modifications may be made thereiny by persons skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims.

That is claimed as new is:

1. A skiving machine having, in combination, a shaft having a disk knife. means for driving the shaft, two shafts having a feed roll and a feed disk, respectiva-ily, for feeding material to the knife, a feed shaft with which the feed-roll shaft and the feed-disk shaft are connected so as to be driven therefrom, and means connecting the feed shaft with the knife shaft to cause the feed shaft to be driven fromA the knifeshaft.'

2. A skiving machine having, in combination, a shaft having a disk knife, means for driving the shaft, means comprising a feed roll and a feed disk for feeding material to the knife, means connecting the feedmeans with the shaft to cause the feed means to be driven from the shaft, the connecting means comprising a clutch, and means for controllingthe clutch to drive the feed means or bring: the fed means to rest, at will, during the operation of the machine.

23. A ski.'ing machine having, in combination, a shaft having a disk' knife, means for driving the shaft, two shafts' having a feed roll Yand a. 'feed disk, respectively,for feed- .ing material to the knife, affeed shaft with which the feed-roll shaft and the feed-disk shaft are comiccted so as to be driven therefrom, means connecting the feed shaft with the knife shaft to cause the feed shaft to be driven from the knife shaft, and a clutch l et\\'een the last-named means. and the feed shaft, whereby the feed means nay be driven or brought to rest, at will, during the operation of the knife.

ll. A skiving machine having, in combination. a shaft having` a knife and a gear, means for driving the shaft, a shaftlhaving a clutch element and a gear connected to the knife-shaft gear, a` shaft having a co-operating clutch element and two gears, a shaft having a feed disk and a gear meshing with one of the two gears, a shaft having a feed roll and a gear, and a shaft having-agemineshing with the feed-roll-shaft gear and the other of the two gears.

5. A machine of the class described having, in combination, a bearing, a shaft mounted in the bearing having a knife and a eear, means for feeding material to the ife.. means comprising a gear meshing `with the shaft gear for driving the feed means. the meshing gear being driven from the shaft gear at a speed lower than the l speed of the shaft gear, theshaft having a conically enlarged portion, and the'bcaring having a conical recess to receive the conicallv enlarged portion` whereby the shaft .is maintained with the conically enlarged portion in tight engagement with the walls of the conical recess during the rotation ofthe shaft, a pulley mounted about the bearing, and means connecting the pulley to the knife to cause them to rotate together with the shaft when thc pulley is driven (i. A skiving machine having. iu combination, a rotary knife, two shafts having a feed roll and a feed disk, respectively, for feeding niaerial to the knife, and means whereby the feed disk is adapted to tilt about the feed-disk shaft 7. A machine of the class described having, in combination. means for feeding` material comprising a feed disk rotatable about an axis, and means whereby the disk as a unit is adapted totilt yieldingly at an angle to the axis 8. A skiving machine having. in combination, a rotary knife, two shafts having a feed roll and a feed/fdisk, respectively, for feeding material to the'knife, means whereby the feed disk is adaptedto tilt about the feeddisk shaft, means yieldingly opposing the tilting movement, and means for adjusting ther opposing means.

A machine of the class described having, in combination, a rotary shaft. the end of which is provided with a screw-threzuled bore, a screw threaded'inthe bore, an elcment tiltingly mounted yupon the screw, whereby the element may tilt about the screwfduring the rotation of" the shaft and means yieldingly opposing the tilting movement of the element lf). A machine. of the class described having, in combination,'ashaft' having a knife, means for feeding material to the knife comprising a feed roll and a :feed disk rotatable about an axis, means normally maintainingthe disk yieldingly at right angles to its axis,

and means whereby the feed ldisk is adapted to tilt atan angle to 'its axis.

11. A .machine of the class described having` in combination, a shaft having a knife and a belt-drivenpulley, means 'forangularly adjusting the shaft, and means yieldingly maintaining the shaft in adjusted position, the yielding .means exerting aforce upon lthe shaft in the same angular direction .as'the belt.

12. 'A machine of vthe class described having, in'iconibination, rotatablcfeed means, means whereby the rotatable feed means is adapted` to tilt about an laxis inclined to the axis of rotation ofthe shaft, means yieldingly opposing the tilting niovenient. and means. for preventing the displacement of the yielding opposing means.

13. A. skiving machine having. bination, a shaft' having a knife anda worin,

4a gear member having two portions one of which constitutes a worm meshing with the shaft worm, means (for feeding niaterial to the knife, a shaft for driving the 4feed means having a eear meshinowith ant h n other portion of the -gear member, and means for 'driving theknife shaft, whereby the feed means is driven from the knife shaft.

14:. A machine -of the class described hav ing, in con'ibination, a. bearing, a shaft- `mounted in the bearing and having a knife,

a pulley mounted about the bearing and directly connected to the knife, `and a belt'for driving the pulley, whereby the knife shaft is driven by the pulley lfrom the knife.

15. Amachine of the class described having, in combination, `a bearing, a shaft mounted inthe bearing and'4 having a knife, a pulley mounted about the bearingihaving a recessed sleeve, the knife having a lug adapted'to be received in' therecess of the sleeve,yand a belt for driving the pulley.

16. A machine of the class described having,"in combination, a bearing having an in com- -i nected to the knife, whereby the shaft isI driven from the jmifa 17. A machine of the class described having, in combination. a stationary bearing having external'and internal bearing portions, a shaft mounted in the bearing and bearing against the internal bearing portion, the shaft having a knife, driving means mounted about the bearing and bearing against the external bearing portion, and means connecting the driving means to the knife to cause them to rotate together with the shaft when the driving means is effective.

1S, In a skiving machine having a skiving knife, two pulleys, a cone driving pulley having a plurality of different-size portions, a belt for driving the knife passing from one of the two pulleys to the cone pulley and from the cone pulley to the other of the two pulleys, and means for adjusting the said one pulley so to adapt it to cooperate with the different-size portions of the cone pulley without disturbing the position ofthe belt relative to the pulleys.

19. In a skiving machine having a skivin g knife, two pulleys, a driving pulley having a plurality of portions of different diameters, a belt for driving the knife passing from one of the two pulleys to the driving pulley and from the driving pulley to the other of the two pulleys, and means for adjusting the position of the said one pulley in accordance with the position of the belt upon the driving pulley.

20. In a skiving nlachine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a. belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, means for adjusting the position of the driven pulley in accordance with the position of the belt upon the driving pulley, a fast pulley for driving the driving pulley, a loose pulley, a second belt adapted to be mounted over the fast pulley or the loose pulley, a belt shifter for the second belt., a support for the fast and vloose pulleys, t-he driving` pulley and the belt shifter. means whereby the support may be adjusted to tension the second belt, and means for maintaining the support in adjusted position.

2l. In a skiving machine having a ski ving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, means for adjusting t-he position of the driven pulley in accordance with the 'position of the belt upon the driving puley, a loose pulley, a fast pulley' 'for driving the driving pulley, a second belt adapted to be mounted over the fast pulley or the loose pulley, a belt shifter for the second belt, and means for automatically actuating the belt shifter to shift the second belt to the loose pulley when it is actuated to shift. the second belt from the fast pulley.

22. In a skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, means for adjusting the position of the driven pulley in accordance with the position of the belt upon the driving pulley, a loose pulley, a fast pulley, a second belt, a belt shifter for the second belt, a stop against which the belt shifter is adapted to rest when the second belt is over the fast pulley, means yicldingly maintaining the belt shifter against th-e stop, and means for automatically actuating the belt shifter to shift the second belt from the fast pulley to the loose pulley when the belt shifter is actuated away from the stop in opposition to the force of the yielding maintaining means.

In a skiving machine having a knife and a grinder therefor, two pulleys, a third pulley, means for driving the third pulley, a belt for driving the the knife passing from one of the two pulleys to the third pulley and from the third pulley to the other of the two pulleys, a pulley fast to the said one pulley, an idler pulley, a belt for driving the grinder passing over the idler pulley and the fast pulley, the idler pulley being adjustable, whereby it may serve as a belttightener, means for locking the belt-tightener in effective position, and means for unlocking the locking means to render the belttightener ineffective.

2li- In a skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving` pulley, a pulley driven from the driven pulley, an idler pulley, a belt mounted over the third-named pulley and the idler pulley, the idler pulley being adjustable, whereby it may serve as a belt tightener, a catch pivoted to the idler pulley, and means adapted to be engaged by the catch to lock v the idler pulley in adjusted position.

25. In a. skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, a pulley drivenfrom the driven pulley, a bracket having an idler pulley, a belt mounted over the third-named pulley and the idler pulley, the bracket having a handle `whereby to adjust the idler pulley, thereby causing the idler pulley to serve as a belt tightener, a catch pivoted to the bracket having a tooth, and means adapted to be engaged by the tooth to lock the idler pulley in adjusted position.

26. In a skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driven pulley, an idler pulley, a belt mounted over the third-named pulley and the idler pulley, the idler pulley being adjustable, whereby it may serve as a belt tightener, a catch connected with the idler pulley, means adapted to be engaged by the catch to lock position, and means maintaining the catch engaged with the locking means.

27. In a skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the dri-ving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, a fast pulley for driving the driving pulley, a loose pulley, a second belt adapted to be mounted over the fast pulley or the loose pulley, a belt shifter for the second belt, a support for the fast and the loose pulleys, the driving pulley and the belt shifter, means whereby the support may be adjusted to tension the second belt, and means for maintaining the support in adjusted position.

28. In a skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven the idler pulley in adjusted' from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, a loose pulley, a fast pulley for driving the driving pulley, a second belt adapted to be mounted over the fast pulley or the loose pulley, a belt shifter for the second belt, and means for automatically aetuating the belt shifter to shift the second belt to the loose pulley when it is actuated to shift the second belt from the fast pulley.

2S). Ina skiving machine having a skiving knife, a driving pulley, a pulley driven from the driving pulley, a belt for driving the knife passing over the driven pulley and the driving pulley, a loose pulley, a fast pulley for driving lhe driving pulley, al second belt adapted to be mounted over the fast pulley or the loose pulley, a belt shifter for the second belt, a. stop against which the belt shifter is adapted to rest when the second belt is over the fast pulley, means yieldingly maintaining the belt shifter againstv the stop, and means for automatically actuating the belt shifter to shift the second belt fr in the fast pulley to the loose pulley when the belt shifter is actuated away from the stop in opposition to the force of the yielding maintaining means.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my naine this 7th day of December, i921. y

ANDREV R. RIDDERSTROM. 

